165 lines
7.8 KiB
HTML
165 lines
7.8 KiB
HTML
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tcl Built-In Commands - glob manual page</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M2" NAME="L431">NAME</A>
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<DL><DD>glob - Return names of files that match patterns</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M3" NAME="L432">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><B>glob </B>?<I>switches</I>? <I>pattern </I>?<I>pattern ...</I>?
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M4" NAME="L433">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M5" NAME="L434"><B>-directory</B> <I>directory</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M6" NAME="L435"><B>-join</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M7" NAME="L436"><B>-nocomplain</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M8" NAME="L437"><B>-path</B> <I>pathPrefix</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M9" NAME="L438"><B>-types</B> <I>typeList</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M10" NAME="L439"><B>- -</B></A>
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</DL>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M11" NAME="L440"><B>?</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M12" NAME="L441"><B>*</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M13" NAME="L442"><B>[</B><I>chars</I><B>]</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M14" NAME="L443"><B>\</B><I>x</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M15" NAME="L444"><B>{</B><I>a</I><B>,</B><I>b</I><B>,</B><I>...</I>}</A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M16" NAME="L445">PORTABILITY ISSUES</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M17" NAME="L446"><B>Windows</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M18" NAME="L447"><B>Macintosh</B></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M19" NAME="L448">SEE ALSO</A>
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<DD><A HREF="glob.htm#M20" NAME="L449">KEYWORDS</A>
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</DL><HR>
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<H3><A NAME="M2">NAME</A></H3>
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glob - Return names of files that match patterns
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<H3><A NAME="M3">SYNOPSIS</A></H3>
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<B>glob </B>?<I>switches</I>? <I>pattern </I>?<I>pattern ...</I>?<BR>
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<H3><A NAME="M4">DESCRIPTION</A></H3>
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This command performs file name ``globbing'' in a fashion similar to
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the csh shell. It returns a list of the files whose names match any
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of the <I>pattern</I> arguments.
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<P>
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If the initial arguments to <B>glob</B> start with <B>-</B> then
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they are treated as switches. The following switches are
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currently supported:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M5"><B>-directory</B> <I>directory</I></A><DD>
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Search for files which match the given patterns starting in the given
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<I>directory</I>. This allows searching of directories whose name
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contains glob-sensitive characters without the need to quote such
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characters explicitly. This option may not be used in conjunction with
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<B>-path</B>.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M6"><B>-join</B></A><DD>
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The remaining pattern arguments are treated as a single pattern
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obtained by joining the arguments with directory separators.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M7"><B>-nocomplain</B></A><DD>
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Allows an empty list to be returned without error; without this
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switch an error is returned if the result list would be empty.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M8"><B>-path</B> <I>pathPrefix</I></A><DD>
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Search for files with the given <I>pathPrefix</I> where the rest of the name
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matches the given patterns. This allows searching for files with names
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similar to a given file even when the names contain glob-sensitive
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characters. This option may not be used in conjunction with
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<B>-directory</B>.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M9"><B>-types</B> <I>typeList</I></A><DD>
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Only list files or directories which match <I>typeList</I>, where the items
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in the list have two forms. The first form is like the -type option of
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the Unix find command:
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<I>b</I> (block special file),
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<I>c</I> (character special file),
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<I>d</I> (directory),
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<I>f</I> (plain file),
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<I>l</I> (symbolic link),
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<I>p</I> (named pipe),
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or <I>s</I> (socket), where multiple types may be specified in the list.
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<B>Glob</B> will return all files which match at least one of the types given.
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<P>
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The second form specifies types where all the types given must match.
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These are <I>r</I>, <I>w</I>, <I>x</I> as file permissions, and
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<I>readonly</I>, <I>hidden</I> as special permission cases. On the
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Macintosh, MacOS types and creators are also supported, where any item
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which is four characters long is assumed to be a MacOS type
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(e.g. <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/text.htm">TEXT</A></B>). Items which are of the form <I>{macintosh type XXXX}</I>
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or <I>{macintosh creator XXXX}</I> will match types or creators
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respectively. Unrecognised types, or specifications of multiple MacOS
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types/creators will signal an error.
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<P>
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The two forms may be mixed, so <B>-types {d f r w}</B> will find all
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regular files OR directories that have both read AND write permissions.
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The following are equivalent:
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<PRE><B>glob -type d *</B>
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<B>glob */</B></PRE>
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except that the first case doesn't return the trailing ``/'' and
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is more platform independent.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M10"><B>- -</B></A><DD>
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Marks the end of switches. The argument following this one will
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be treated as a <I>pattern</I> even if it starts with a <B>-</B>.
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<P></DL>
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<P>
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The <I>pattern</I> arguments may contain any of the following
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special characters:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M11"><B>?</B></A><DD>
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Matches any single character.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M12"><B>*</B></A><DD>
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Matches any sequence of zero or more characters.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M13"><B>[</B><I>chars</I><B>]</B></A><DD>
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Matches any single character in <I>chars</I>. If <I>chars</I>
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contains a sequence of the form <I>a</I><B>-</B><I>b</I> then any
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character between <I>a</I> and <I>b</I> (inclusive) will match.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M14"><B>\</B><I>x</I></A><DD>
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Matches the character <I>x</I>.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M15"><B>{</B><I>a</I><B>,</B><I>b</I><B>,</B><I>...</I>}</A><DD>
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Matches any of the strings <I>a</I>, <I>b</I>, etc.
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<P></DL>
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<P>
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As with csh, a ``.'' at the beginning of a file's name or just
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after a ``/'' must be matched explicitly or with a {} construct.
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In addition, all ``/'' characters must be matched explicitly.
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<P>
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If the first character in a <I>pattern</I> is ``~'' then it refers
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to the home directory for the user whose name follows the ``~''.
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If the ``~'' is followed immediately by ``/'' then the value of
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the HOME environment variable is used.
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<P>
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The <B>glob</B> command differs from csh globbing in two ways.
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First, it does not sort its result list (use the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/lsort.htm">lsort</A></B>
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command if you want the list sorted).
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Second, <B>glob</B> only returns the names of files that actually
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exist; in csh no check for existence is made unless a pattern
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contains a ?, *, or [] construct.
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<H3><A NAME="M16">PORTABILITY ISSUES</A></H3>
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Unlike other Tcl commands that will accept both network and native
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style names (see the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/filename.htm">filename</A></B> manual entry for details on how
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native and network names are specified), the <B>glob</B> command only
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accepts native names.
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M17"><B>Windows</B></A><DD>
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For Windows UNC names, the servername and sharename components of the path
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may not contain ?, *, or [] constructs. On Windows NT, if <I>pattern</I> is
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of the form ``<B>~</B><I>username</I><B>@</B><I>domain</I>'' it refers to the home
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directory of the user whose account information resides on the specified NT
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domain server. Otherwise, user account information is obtained from
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the local computer. On Windows 95 and 98, <B>glob</B> accepts patterns
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like ``.../'' and ``..../'' for successively higher up parent directories.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M18"><B>Macintosh</B></A><DD>
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When using the options, <B>-dir</B>, <B>-join</B> or <B>-path</B>, glob
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assumes the directory separator for the entire pattern is the standard
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``:''. When not using these options, glob examines each pattern argument
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and uses ``/'' unless the pattern contains a ``:''.
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<P></DL>
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<H3><A NAME="M19">SEE ALSO</A></H3>
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<B><A HREF="../TkCmd/file.htm">file</A></B>
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<H3><A NAME="M20">KEYWORDS</A></H3>
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<A href="../Keywords/E.htm#exist">exist</A>, <A href="../Keywords/F.htm#file">file</A>, <A href="../Keywords/G.htm#glob">glob</A>, <A href="../Keywords/P.htm#pattern">pattern</A>
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<HR><PRE>
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.</PRE>
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</BODY></HTML>
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