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134 lines
7.0 KiB
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tcl Built-In Commands - regexp manual page</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M2" NAME="L931">NAME</A>
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<DL><DD>regexp - Match a regular expression against a string</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M3" NAME="L932">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><B>regexp </B>?<I>switches</I>? <I>exp string </I>?<I>matchVar</I>? ?<I>subMatchVar subMatchVar ...</I>?
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M4" NAME="L933">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M5" NAME="L934"><B>-about</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M6" NAME="L935"><B>-expanded</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M7" NAME="L936"><B>-indices</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M8" NAME="L937"><B>-line</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M9" NAME="L938"><B>-linestop</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M10" NAME="L939"><B>-lineanchor</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M11" NAME="L940"><B>-nocase</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M12" NAME="L941"><B>-all</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M13" NAME="L942"><B>-inline</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M14" NAME="L943"><B>-start</B> <I>index</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M15" NAME="L944"><B>- -</B></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M16" NAME="L945">SEE ALSO</A>
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<DD><A HREF="regexp.htm#M17" NAME="L946">KEYWORDS</A>
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</DL><HR>
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<H3><A NAME="M2">NAME</A></H3>
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regexp - Match a regular expression against a string
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<H3><A NAME="M3">SYNOPSIS</A></H3>
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<B>regexp </B>?<I>switches</I>? <I>exp string </I>?<I>matchVar</I>? ?<I>subMatchVar subMatchVar ...</I>?<BR>
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<H3><A NAME="M4">DESCRIPTION</A></H3>
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Determines whether the regular expression <I>exp</I> matches part or
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all of <I>string</I> and returns 1 if it does, 0 if it doesn't, unless
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<B>-inline</B> is specified (see below).
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(Regular expression matching is described in the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/re_syntax.htm">re_syntax</A></B>
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reference page.)
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<P>
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If additional arguments are specified after <I>string</I> then they
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are treated as the names of variables in which to return
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information about which part(s) of <I>string</I> matched <I>exp</I>.
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<I>MatchVar</I> will be set to the range of <I>string</I> that
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matched all of <I>exp</I>. The first <I>subMatchVar</I> will contain
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the characters in <I>string</I> that matched the leftmost parenthesized
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subexpression within <I>exp</I>, the next <I>subMatchVar</I> will
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contain the characters that matched the next parenthesized
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subexpression to the right in <I>exp</I>, and so on.
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<P>
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If the initial arguments to <B>regexp</B> start with <B>-</B> then
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they are treated as switches. The following switches are
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currently supported:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M5"><B>-about</B></A><DD>
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Instead of attempting to match the regular expression, returns a list
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containing information about the regular expression. The first
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element of the list is a subexpression count. The second element is a
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list of property names that describe various attributes of the regular
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expression. This switch is primarily intended for debugging purposes.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M6"><B>-expanded</B></A><DD>
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Enables use of the expanded regular expression syntax where
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whitespace and comments are ignored. This is the same as specifying
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the <B>(?x)</B> embedded option (see METASYNTAX, below).
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<P><DT><A NAME="M7"><B>-indices</B></A><DD>
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Changes what is stored in the <I>subMatchVar</I>s.
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Instead of storing the matching characters from <I>string</I>,
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each variable
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will contain a list of two decimal strings giving the indices
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in <I>string</I> of the first and last characters in the matching
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range of characters.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M8"><B>-line</B></A><DD>
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Enables newline-sensitive matching. By default, newline is a
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completely ordinary character with no special meaning. With this
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flag, `[^' bracket expressions and `.' never match newline, `^'
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matches an empty string after any newline in addition to its normal
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function, and `$' matches an empty string before any newline in
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addition to its normal function. This flag is equivalent to
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specifying both <B>-linestop</B> and <B>-lineanchor</B>, or the
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<B>(?n)</B> embedded option (see METASYNTAX, below).
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<P><DT><A NAME="M9"><B>-linestop</B></A><DD>
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Changes the behavior of `[^' bracket expressions and `.' so that they
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stop at newlines. This is the same as specifying the <B>(?p)</B>
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embedded option (see METASYNTAX, below).
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<P><DT><A NAME="M10"><B>-lineanchor</B></A><DD>
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Changes the behavior of `^' and `$' (the ``anchors'') so they match the
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beginning and end of a line respectively. This is the same as
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specifying the <B>(?w)</B> embedded option (see METASYNTAX, below).
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<P><DT><A NAME="M11"><B>-nocase</B></A><DD>
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Causes upper-case characters in <I>string</I> to be treated as
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lower case during the matching process.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M12"><B>-all</B></A><DD>
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Causes the regular expression to be matched as many times as possible
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in the string, returning the total number of matches found. If this
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is specified with match variables, they will continue information for
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the last match only.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M13"><B>-inline</B></A><DD>
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Causes the command to return, as a list, the data that would otherwise
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be placed in match variables. When using <B>-inline</B>,
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match variables may not be specified. If used with <B>-all</B>, the
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list will be concatenated at each iteration, such that a flat list is
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always returned. For each match iteration, the command will append the
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overall match data, plus one element for each subexpression in the
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regular expression. Examples are:
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<PRE>regexp -inline -- {\w(\w)} " inlined "
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=> {in n}
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regexp -all -inline -- {\w(\w)} " inlined "
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=> {in n li i ne e}</PRE>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M14"><B>-start</B> <I>index</I></A><DD>
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Specifies a character index offset into the string to start
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matching the regular expression at. When using this switch, `^'
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will not match the beginning of the line, and \A will still
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match the start of the string at <I>index</I>. If <B>-indices</B>
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is specified, the indices will be indexed starting from the
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absolute beginning of the input string.
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<I>index</I> will be constrained to the bounds of the input string.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M15"><B>- -</B></A><DD>
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Marks the end of switches. The argument following this one will
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be treated as <I>exp</I> even if it starts with a <B>-</B>.
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<P></DL>
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<P>
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If there are more <I>subMatchVar</I>'s than parenthesized
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subexpressions within <I>exp</I>, or if a particular subexpression
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in <I>exp</I> doesn't match the string (e.g. because it was in a
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portion of the expression that wasn't matched), then the corresponding
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<I>subMatchVar</I> will be set to ``<B>-1 -1</B>'' if <B>-indices</B>
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has been specified or to an empty string otherwise.
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<H3><A NAME="M16">SEE ALSO</A></H3>
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<B><A HREF="../TkCmd/re_syntax.htm">re_syntax</A></B>, <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/regsub.htm">regsub</A></B>
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<H3><A NAME="M17">KEYWORDS</A></H3>
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<A href="../Keywords/M.htm#match">match</A>, <A href="../Keywords/R.htm#regular expression">regular expression</A>, <A href="../Keywords/S.htm#string">string</A>
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<HR><PRE>
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.</PRE>
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</BODY></HTML>
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