159 lines
8.5 KiB
HTML
159 lines
8.5 KiB
HTML
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tk Built-In Commands - tk_getOpenFile manual page</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M2" NAME="L534">NAME</A>
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<DL><DD>tk_getOpenFile, tk_getSaveFile - pop up a dialog box for the user to select a file to open or save.</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M3" NAME="L535">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><B>tk_getOpenFile </B>?<I>option value ...</I>?
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<DD><B>tk_getSaveFile </B>?<I>option value ...</I>?
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M4" NAME="L536">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M5" NAME="L537"><B>-defaultextension</B> <I>extension</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M6" NAME="L538"><B>-filetypes</B> <I>filePatternList</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M7" NAME="L539"><B>-initialdir</B> <I>directory</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M8" NAME="L540"><B>-initialfile</B> <I>filename</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M9" NAME="L541"><B>-parent</B> <I>window</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M10" NAME="L542"><B>-title</B> <I>titleString</I></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M11" NAME="L543">SPECIFYING FILE PATTERNS</A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M12" NAME="L544">SPECIFYING EXTENSIONS</A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M13" NAME="L545">EXAMPLE</A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M14" NAME="L546">SEE ALSO</A>
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<DD><A HREF="getOpenFile.htm#M15" NAME="L547">KEYWORDS</A>
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</DL><HR>
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<H3><A NAME="M2">NAME</A></H3>
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tk_getOpenFile, tk_getSaveFile - pop up a dialog box for the user to select a file to open or save.
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<H3><A NAME="M3">SYNOPSIS</A></H3>
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<B>tk_getOpenFile </B>?<I>option value ...</I>?<BR>
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<B>tk_getSaveFile </B>?<I>option value ...</I>?<BR>
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<H3><A NAME="M4">DESCRIPTION</A></H3>
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The procedures <B>tk_getOpenFile</B> and <B>tk_getSaveFile</B> pop up a
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dialog box for the user to select a file to open or save. The
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<B>tk_getOpenFile</B> command is usually associated with the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/open.htm">Open</A></B>
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command in the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/file.htm">File</A></B> menu. Its purpose is for the user to select an
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existing file <I>only</I>. If the user enters an non-existent file, the
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dialog box gives the user an error prompt and requires the user to give
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an alternative selection. If an application allows the user to create
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new files, it should do so by providing a separate <B>New</B> menu command.
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<P>
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The <B>tk_getSaveFile</B> command is usually associated with the <B>Save
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as</B> command in the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/file.htm">File</A></B> menu. If the user enters a file that
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already exists, the dialog box prompts the user for confirmation
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whether the existing file should be overwritten or not.
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<P>
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The following <I>option-value</I> pairs are possible as command line
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arguments to these two commands:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M5"><B>-defaultextension</B> <I>extension</I></A><DD>
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Specifies a string that will be appended to the filename if the user
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enters a filename without an extension. The defaut value is the empty
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string, which means no extension will be appended to the filename in
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any case. This option is ignored on the Macintosh platform, which
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does not require extensions to filenames.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M6"><B>-filetypes</B> <I>filePatternList</I></A><DD>
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If a <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/file.htm">File types</A></B> listbox exists in the file dialog on the particular
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platform, this option gives the <I>filetype</I>s in this listbox. When
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the user choose a filetype in the listbox, only the files of that type
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are listed. If this option is unspecified, or if it is set to the
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empty list, or if the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/file.htm">File types</A></B> listbox is not supported by the
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particular platform then all files are listed regardless of their
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types. See the section SPECIFYING FILE PATTERNS below for a
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discussion on the contents of <I>filePatternList</I>.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M7"><B>-initialdir</B> <I>directory</I></A><DD>
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Specifies that the files in <I>directory</I> should be displayed
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when the dialog pops up. If this parameter is not specified, then
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the files in the current working directory are displayed. If the
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parameter specifies a relative path, the return value will convert the
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relative path to an absolute path. This option may not always work on
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the Macintosh. This is not a bug. Rather, the <I>General Controls</I>
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control panel on the Mac allows the end user to override the
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application default directory.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M8"><B>-initialfile</B> <I>filename</I></A><DD>
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Specifies a filename to be displayed in the dialog when it pops up. This
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option is ignored on the Macintosh platform.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M9"><B>-parent</B> <I>window</I></A><DD>
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Makes <I>window</I> the logical parent of the file dialog. The file
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dialog is displayed on top of its parent window.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M10"><B>-title</B> <I>titleString</I></A><DD>
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Specifies a string to display as the title of the dialog box. If this
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option is not specified, then a default title is displayed.
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<P></DL>
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<P>
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If the user selects a file, both <B>tk_getOpenFile</B> and
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<B>tk_getSaveFile</B> return the full pathname of this file. If the
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user cancels the operation, both commands return the empty string.
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<H3><A NAME="M11">SPECIFYING FILE PATTERNS</A></H3>
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The <I>filePatternList</I> value given by the <B>-filetypes</B> option
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is a list of file patterns. Each file pattern is a list of the
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form
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<PRE><I>typeName</I> {<I>extension</I> ?<I>extension ...</I>?} ?{<I>macType</I> ?<I>macType ...</I>?}?</PRE>
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<I>typeName</I> is the name of the file type described by this
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file pattern and is the text string that appears in the <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/file.htm">File types</A></B>
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listbox. <I>extension</I> is a file extension for this file pattern.
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<I>macType</I> is a four-character Macintosh file type. The list of
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<I>macType</I>s is optional and may be omitted for applications that do
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not need to execute on the Macintosh platform.
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<P>
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Several file patterns may have the same <I>typeName,</I> in which case
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they refer to the same file type and share the same entry in the
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listbox. When the user selects an entry in the listbox, all the files
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that match at least one of the file patterns corresponding
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to that entry are listed. Usually, each file pattern corresponds to a
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distinct type of file. The use of more than one file patterns for one
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type of file is necessary on the Macintosh platform only.
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<P>
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On the Macintosh platform, a file matches a file pattern if its
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name matches at least one of the <I>extension</I>(s) AND it
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belongs to at least one of the <I>macType</I>(s) of the
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file pattern. For example, the <B>C Source Files</B> file pattern in the
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sample code matches with files that have a <B>.c</B> extension AND
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belong to the <I>macType</I> <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/text.htm">TEXT</A></B>. To use the OR rule instead,
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you can use two file patterns, one with the <I>extensions</I> only and
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the other with the <I>macType</I> only. The <B>GIF Files</B> file type
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in the sample code matches files that EITHER have a <B>.gif</B>
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extension OR belong to the <I>macType</I> <B>GIFF</B>.
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<P>
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On the Unix and Windows platforms, a file matches a file pattern
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if its name matches at at least one of the <I>extension</I>(s) of
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the file pattern. The <I>macType</I>s are ignored.
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<H3><A NAME="M12">SPECIFYING EXTENSIONS</A></H3>
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On the Unix and Macintosh platforms, extensions are matched using
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glob-style pattern matching. On the Windows platforms, extensions are
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matched by the underlying operating system. The types of possible
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extensions are: (1) the special extension * matches any
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file; (2) the special extension "" matches any files that
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do not have an extension (i.e., the filename contains no full stop
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character); (3) any character string that does not contain any wild
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card characters (* and ?).
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<P>
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Due to the different pattern matching rules on the various platforms,
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to ensure portability, wild card characters are not allowed in the
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extensions, except as in the special extension *. Extensions
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without a full stop character (e.g, ~) are allowed but may not
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work on all platforms.
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<H3><A NAME="M13">EXAMPLE</A></H3>
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<PRE>set types {
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{{Text Files} {.txt} }
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{{TCL Scripts} {.tcl} }
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{{C Source Files} {.c} TEXT}
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{{GIF Files} {.gif} }
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{{GIF Files} {} GIFF}
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{{All Files} * }
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}
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set filename [tk_getOpenFile -filetypes $types]
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if {$filename != ""} {
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# Open the file ...
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}</PRE>
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<H3><A NAME="M14">SEE ALSO</A></H3>
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<B>tk_chooseDirectory</B>
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<H3><A NAME="M15">KEYWORDS</A></H3>
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<A href="../Keywords/F.htm#file selection dialog">file selection dialog</A>
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<HR><PRE>
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.</PRE>
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</BODY></HTML>
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