199 lines
9.9 KiB
HTML
199 lines
9.9 KiB
HTML
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tk Applications - wish manual page</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M2" NAME="L13">NAME</A>
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<DL><DD>wish - Simple windowing shell</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M3" NAME="L14">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><B>wish</B> ?<I>fileName arg arg ...</I>?
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M4" NAME="L15">OPTIONS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M5" NAME="L16"><B>-colormap </B><I>new</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M6" NAME="L17"><B>-display </B><I>display</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M7" NAME="L18"><B>-geometry </B><I>geometry</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M8" NAME="L19"><B>-name </B><I>name</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M9" NAME="L20"><B>-sync</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M10" NAME="L21"><B>-use</B> <I>id</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M11" NAME="L22"><B>-visual </B><I>visual</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M12" NAME="L23"><B>- -</B></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M13" NAME="L24">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M14" NAME="L25">OPTIONS</A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M15" NAME="L26">APPLICATION NAME AND CLASS</A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M16" NAME="L27">VARIABLES</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M17" NAME="L28"><B>argc</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M18" NAME="L29"><B>argv</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M19" NAME="L30"><B>argv0</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M20" NAME="L31"><B>geometry</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M21" NAME="L32"><B>tcl_interactive</B></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M22" NAME="L33">SCRIPT FILES</A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M23" NAME="L34">PROMPTS</A>
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<DD><A HREF="wish.htm#M24" NAME="L35">KEYWORDS</A>
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</DL><HR>
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<H3><A NAME="M2">NAME</A></H3>
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wish - Simple windowing shell
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<H3><A NAME="M3">SYNOPSIS</A></H3>
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<B>wish</B> ?<I>fileName arg arg ...</I>?<BR>
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<H3><A NAME="M4">OPTIONS</A></H3>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M5"><B>-colormap </B><I>new</I></A><DD>
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Specifies that the window should have a new private colormap instead of
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using the default colormap for the screen.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M6"><B>-display </B><I>display</I></A><DD>
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Display (and screen) on which to display window.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M7"><B>-geometry </B><I>geometry</I></A><DD>
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Initial geometry to use for window. If this option is specified, its
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value is stored in the <B>geometry</B> global variable of the application's
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Tcl interpreter.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M8"><B>-name </B><I>name</I></A><DD>
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Use <I>name</I> as the title to be displayed in the window, and
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as the name of the interpreter for <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/send.htm">send</A></B> commands.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M9"><B>-sync</B></A><DD>
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Execute all X server commands synchronously, so that errors
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are reported immediately. This will result in much slower
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execution, but it is useful for debugging.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M10"><B>-use</B> <I>id</I></A><DD>
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Specifies that the main window for the application is to be embedded in
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the window whose identifier is <I>id</I>, instead of being created as an
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independent toplevel window. <I>Id</I> must be specified in the same
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way as the value for the <B>-use</B> option for toplevel widgets (i.e.
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it has a form like that returned by the <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/winfo.htm">winfo id</A></B> command).
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<P><DT><A NAME="M11"><B>-visual </B><I>visual</I></A><DD>
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Specifies the visual to use for the window.
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<I>Visual</I> may have any of the forms supported by the <B><A HREF="../TclLib/GetVisual.htm">Tk_GetVisual</A></B>
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procedure.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M12"><B>- -</B></A><DD>
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Pass all remaining arguments through to the script's <B>argv</B>
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variable without interpreting them.
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This provides a mechanism for passing arguments such as <B>-name</B>
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to a script instead of having <B>wish</B> interpret them.
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<P></DL>
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<H3><A NAME="M13">DESCRIPTION</A></H3>
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<B>Wish</B> is a simple program consisting of the Tcl command
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language, the Tk toolkit, and a main program that reads commands
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from standard input or from a file.
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It creates a main window and then processes Tcl commands.
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If <B>wish</B> is invoked with no arguments, or with a first argument
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that starts with ``-'', then it reads Tcl commands interactively from
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standard input.
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It will continue processing commands until all windows have been
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deleted or until end-of-file is reached on standard input.
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If there exists a file <B>.wishrc</B> in the home directory of
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the user, <B>wish</B> evaluates the file as a Tcl script
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just before reading the first command from standard input.
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<P>
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If <B>wish</B> is invoked with an initial <I>fileName</I> argument, then
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<I>fileName</I> is treated as the name of a script file.
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<B>Wish</B> will evaluate the script in <I>fileName</I> (which
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presumably creates a user interface), then it will respond to events
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until all windows have been deleted.
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Commands will not be read from standard input.
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There is no automatic evaluation of <B>.wishrc</B> in this
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case, but the script file can always <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/source.htm">source</A></B> it if desired.
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<H3><A NAME="M14">OPTIONS</A></H3>
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<B>Wish</B> automatically processes all of the command-line options
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described in the <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/options.htm">OPTIONS</A></B> summary above.
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Any other command-line arguments besides these are passed through
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to the application using the <B>argc</B> and <B>argv</B> variables
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described later.
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<H3><A NAME="M15">APPLICATION NAME AND CLASS</A></H3>
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The name of the application, which is used for purposes such as
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<B><A HREF="../TclCmd/send.htm">send</A></B> commands, is taken from the <B>-name</B> option,
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if it is specified; otherwise it is taken from <I>fileName</I>,
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if it is specified, or from the command name by which
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<B>wish</B> was invoked. In the last two cases, if the name contains a ``/''
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character, then only the characters after the last slash are used
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as the application name.
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<P>
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The class of the application, which is used for purposes such as
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specifying options with a <B>RESOURCE_MANAGER</B> property or .Xdefaults
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file, is the same as its name except that the first letter is
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capitalized.
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<H3><A NAME="M16">VARIABLES</A></H3>
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<B>Wish</B> sets the following Tcl variables:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M17"><B>argc</B></A><DD>
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Contains a count of the number of <I>arg</I> arguments (0 if none),
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not including the options described above.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M18"><B>argv</B></A><DD>
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Contains a Tcl list whose elements are the <I>arg</I> arguments
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that follow a <B>- -</B> option or don't match any of the
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options described in OPTIONS above, in order, or an empty string
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if there are no such arguments.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M19"><B>argv0</B></A><DD>
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Contains <I>fileName</I> if it was specified.
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Otherwise, contains the name by which <B>wish</B> was invoked.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M20"><B>geometry</B></A><DD>
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If the <B>-geometry</B> option is specified, <B>wish</B> copies its
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value into this variable. If the variable still exists after
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<I>fileName</I> has been evaluated, <B>wish</B> uses the value of
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the variable in a <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/wm.htm">wm geometry</A></B> command to set the main
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window's geometry.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M21"><B>tcl_interactive</B></A><DD>
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Contains 1 if <B>wish</B> is reading commands interactively (<I>fileName</I>
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was not specified and standard input is a terminal-like
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device), 0 otherwise.
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<P></DL>
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<H3><A NAME="M22">SCRIPT FILES</A></H3>
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If you create a Tcl script in a file whose first line is
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<PRE><B>#!/usr/local/bin/wish</B></PRE>
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then you can invoke the script file directly from your shell if
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you mark it as executable.
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This assumes that <B>wish</B> has been installed in the default
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location in /usr/local/bin; if it's installed somewhere else
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then you'll have to modify the above line to match.
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Many UNIX systems do not allow the <B>#!</B> line to exceed about
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30 characters in length, so be sure that the <B>wish</B> executable
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can be accessed with a short file name.
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<P>
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An even better approach is to start your script files with the
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following three lines:
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<PRE><B>#!/bin/sh
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# the next line restarts using wish \
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exec wish "$0" "$@"</B></PRE>
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This approach has three advantages over the approach in the previous
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paragraph. First, the location of the <B>wish</B> binary doesn't have
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to be hard-wired into the script: it can be anywhere in your shell
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search path. Second, it gets around the 30-character file name limit
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in the previous approach.
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Third, this approach will work even if <B>wish</B> is
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itself a shell script (this is done on some systems in order to
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handle multiple architectures or operating systems: the <B>wish</B>
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script selects one of several binaries to run). The three lines
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cause both <B>sh</B> and <B>wish</B> to process the script, but the
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<B><A HREF="../TkCmd/exec.htm">exec</A></B> is only executed by <B>sh</B>.
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<B>sh</B> processes the script first; it treats the second
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line as a comment and executes the third line.
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The <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/exec.htm">exec</A></B> statement cause the shell to stop processing and
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instead to start up <B>wish</B> to reprocess the entire script.
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When <B>wish</B> starts up, it treats all three lines as comments,
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since the backslash at the end of the second line causes the third
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line to be treated as part of the comment on the second line.
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<H3><A NAME="M23">PROMPTS</A></H3>
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When <B>wish</B> is invoked interactively it normally prompts for each
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command with ``<B>% </B>''. You can change the prompt by setting the
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variables <B>tcl_prompt1</B> and <B>tcl_prompt2</B>. If variable
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<B>tcl_prompt1</B> exists then it must consist of a Tcl script
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to output a prompt; instead of outputting a prompt <B>wish</B>
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will evaluate the script in <B>tcl_prompt1</B>.
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The variable <B>tcl_prompt2</B> is used in a similar way when
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a newline is typed but the current command isn't yet complete;
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if <B>tcl_prompt2</B> isn't set then no prompt is output for
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incomplete commands.
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<H3><A NAME="M24">KEYWORDS</A></H3>
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<A href="../Keywords/S.htm#shell">shell</A>, <A href="../Keywords/T.htm#toolkit">toolkit</A>
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<HR><PRE>
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1991-1994 The Regents of the University of California.
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.</PRE>
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</BODY></HTML>
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