369 lines
20 KiB
HTML
369 lines
20 KiB
HTML
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tk Built-In Commands - event manual page</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M2" NAME="L427">NAME</A>
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<DL><DD>event - Miscellaneous event facilities: define virtual events and generate events</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M3" NAME="L428">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><B>event</B><I> option </I>?<I>arg arg ...</I>?
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M4" NAME="L429">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M5" NAME="L430"><B>event add <<</B><I>virtual</I><B>>></B><I> sequence </I>?<I>sequence ...</I>?</A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M6" NAME="L431"><B>event delete <<</B><I>virtual</I><B>>> </B>?<I>sequence</I> <I>sequence ...</I>?</A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M7" NAME="L432"><B>event generate </B><I>window event </I>?<I>option value option value ...</I>?</A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M8" NAME="L433"><B>event info </B>?<<<I>virtual</I><B>>></B>?</A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M9" NAME="L434">EVENT FIELDS</A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M10" NAME="L435"><B>-above</B><I> window</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M11" NAME="L436"><B>-borderwidth</B><I> size</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M12" NAME="L437"><B>-button</B><I> number</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M13" NAME="L438"><B>-count</B><I> number</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M14" NAME="L439"><B>-delta</B><I> number</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M15" NAME="L440"><B>-detail</B><I> detail</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M16" NAME="L441"><B>-focus</B><I> boolean</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M17" NAME="L442"><B>-height</B><I> size</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M18" NAME="L443"><B>-keycode</B><I> number</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M19" NAME="L444"><B>-keysym</B><I> name</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M20" NAME="L445"><B>-mode</B><I> notify</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M21" NAME="L446"><B>-override</B><I> boolean</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M22" NAME="L447"><B>-place</B><I> where</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M23" NAME="L448"><B>-root</B><I> window</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M24" NAME="L449"><B>-rootx</B><I> coord</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M25" NAME="L450"><B>-rooty</B><I> coord</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M26" NAME="L451"><B>-sendevent</B><I> boolean</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M27" NAME="L452"><B>-serial</B><I> number</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M28" NAME="L453"><B>-state</B><I> state</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M29" NAME="L454"><B>-subwindow</B><I> window</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M30" NAME="L455"><B>-time</B><I> integer</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M31" NAME="L456"><B>-warp</B><I> boolean</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M32" NAME="L457"><B>-width</B><I> size</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M33" NAME="L458"><B>-when</B><I> when</I></A>
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<DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M34" NAME="L459"><B>now</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M35" NAME="L460"><B>tail</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M36" NAME="L461"><B>head</B></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M37" NAME="L462"><B>mark</B></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M38" NAME="L463"><B>-x</B><I> coord</I></A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M39" NAME="L464"><B>-y</B><I> coord</I></A>
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</DL>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M40" NAME="L465">VIRTUAL EVENT EXAMPLES</A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M41" NAME="L466">SEE ALSO</A>
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<DD><A HREF="event.htm#M42" NAME="L467">KEYWORDS</A>
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</DL><HR>
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<H3><A NAME="M2">NAME</A></H3>
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event - Miscellaneous event facilities: define virtual events and generate events
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<H3><A NAME="M3">SYNOPSIS</A></H3>
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<B>event</B><I> option </I>?<I>arg arg ...</I>?<BR>
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<H3><A NAME="M4">DESCRIPTION</A></H3>
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The <B>event</B> command provides several facilities for dealing with
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window system events, such as defining virtual events and synthesizing
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events. The command has several different forms, determined by the
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first argument. The following forms are currently supported:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M5"><B>event add <<</B><I>virtual</I><B>>></B><I> sequence </I>?<I>sequence ...</I>?</A><DD>
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Associates the virtual event <I>virtual</I> with the physical
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event sequence(s) given by the <I>sequence</I> arguments, so that
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the virtual event will trigger whenever any one of the <I>sequence</I>s
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occurs.
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<I>Virtual</I> may be any string value and <I>sequence</I> may have
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any of the values allowed for the <I>sequence</I> argument to the
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<B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B> command.
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If <I>virtual</I> is already defined, the new physical event sequences
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add to the existing sequences for the event.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M6"><B>event delete <<</B><I>virtual</I><B>>> </B>?<I>sequence</I> <I>sequence ...</I>?</A><DD>
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Deletes each of the <I>sequence</I>s from those associated with
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the virtual event given by <I>virtual</I>.
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<I>Virtual</I> may be any string value and <I>sequence</I> may have
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any of the values allowed for the <I>sequence</I> argument to the
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<B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B> command.
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Any <I>sequence</I>s not currently associated with <I>virtual</I>
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are ignored.
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If no <I>sequence</I> argument is provided, all physical event sequences
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are removed for <I>virtual</I>, so that the virtual event will not
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trigger anymore.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M7"><B>event generate </B><I>window event </I>?<I>option value option value ...</I>?</A><DD>
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Generates a window event and arranges for it to be processed just as if
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it had come from the window system.
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<I>Window</I> gives the path name of the window for which the event
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will be generated; it may also be an identifier (such as returned by
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<B><A HREF="../TclCmd/winfo.htm">winfo id</A></B>) as long as it is for a window in the current application.
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<I>Event</I> provides a basic description of
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the event, such as <B><Shift-Button-2></B> or <B><<Paste>></B>.
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If <I>Window</I> is empty the whole screen is meant, and coordinates
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are relative to the screen.
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<I>Event</I> may have any of the forms allowed for the <I>sequence</I>
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argument of the <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B> command except that it must consist
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of a single event pattern, not a sequence.
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<I>Option-value</I> pairs may be used to specify additional
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attributes of the event, such as the x and y mouse position; see
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EVENT FIELDS below. If the <B>-when</B> option is not specified, the
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event is processed immediately: all of the handlers for the event
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will complete before the <B>event generate</B> command returns.
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If the <B>-when</B> option is specified then it determines when the
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event is processed. Certain events, such as key events, require
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that the window has focus to receive the event properly.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M8"><B>event info </B>?<<<I>virtual</I><B>>></B>?</A><DD>
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Returns information about virtual events.
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If the <B><<</B><I>virtual</I><B>>></B> argument is omitted, the return value
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is a list of all the virtual events that are currently defined.
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If <B><<</B><I>virtual</I><B>>></B> is specified then the return value is
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a list whose elements are the physical event sequences currently
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defined for the given virtual event; if the virtual event is
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not defined then an empty string is returned.
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<P></DL>
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<H3><A NAME="M9">EVENT FIELDS</A></H3>
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The following options are supported for the <B>event generate</B>
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command. These correspond to the ``%'' expansions
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allowed in binding scripts for the <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B> command.
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M10"><B>-above</B><I> window</I></A><DD>
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<I>Window</I> specifies the <I>above</I> field for the event,
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either as a window path name or as an integer window id.
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Valid for <B>Configure</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%a</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M11"><B>-borderwidth</B><I> size</I></A><DD>
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<I>Size</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies the
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<I>border_width</I> field for the event.
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Valid for <B>Configure</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%B</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M12"><B>-button</B><I> number</I></A><DD>
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<I>Number</I> must be an integer; it specifies the <I>detail</I> field
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for a <B>ButtonPress</B> or <B>ButtonRelease</B> event, overriding
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any button number provided in the base <I>event</I> argument.
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Corresponds to the <B>%b</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M13"><B>-count</B><I> number</I></A><DD>
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<I>Number</I> must be an integer; it specifies the <I>count</I> field
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for the event. Valid for <B>Expose</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%c</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M14"><B>-delta</B><I> number</I></A><DD>
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<I>Number</I> must be an integer; it specifies the <I>delta</I> field
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for the <B>MouseWheel</B> event. The <I>delta</I> refers to the
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direction and magnitude the mouse wheel was rotated. Note the value
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is not a screen distance but are units of motion in the mouse wheel.
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Typically these values are multiples of 120. For example, 120 should
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scroll the text widget up 4 lines and -240 would scroll the text
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widget down 8 lines. Of course, other widgets may define different
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behaviors for mouse wheel motion. This field corresponds to the
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<B>%D</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M15"><B>-detail</B><I> detail</I></A><DD>
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<I>Detail</I> specifies the <I>detail</I> field for the event
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and must be one of the following:
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<PRE><B>NotifyAncestor NotifyNonlinearVirtual
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NotifyDetailNone NotifyPointer
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NotifyInferior NotifyPointerRoot
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NotifyNonlinear NotifyVirtual</B></PRE>
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Valid for <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, <B>FocusIn</B> and
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<B>FocusOut</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%d</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M16"><B>-focus</B><I> boolean</I></A><DD>
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<I>Boolean</I> must be a boolean value; it specifies the <I>focus</I>
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field for the event.
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Valid for <B>Enter</B> and <B>Leave</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%f</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M17"><B>-height</B><I> size</I></A><DD>
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<I>Size</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies the <I>height</I>
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field for the event. Valid for <B>Configure</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%h</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M18"><B>-keycode</B><I> number</I></A><DD>
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<I>Number</I> must be an integer; it specifies the <I>keycode</I>
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field for the event.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B> and <B>KeyRelease</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%k</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M19"><B>-keysym</B><I> name</I></A><DD>
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<I>Name</I> must be the name of a valid keysym, such as <B>g</B>,
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<B>space</B>, or <B><A HREF="../TkCmd/return.htm">Return</A></B>; its corresponding
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keycode value is used as the <I>keycode</I> field for event, overriding
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any detail specified in the base <I>event</I> argument.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B> and <B>KeyRelease</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%K</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M20"><B>-mode</B><I> notify</I></A><DD>
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<I>Notify</I> specifies the <I>mode</I> field for the event and must be
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one of <B>NotifyNormal</B>, <B>NotifyGrab</B>, <B>NotifyUngrab</B>, or
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<B>NotifyWhileGrabbed</B>.
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Valid for <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, <B>FocusIn</B>, and
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<B>FocusOut</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%m</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M21"><B>-override</B><I> boolean</I></A><DD>
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<I>Boolean</I> must be a boolean value; it specifies the
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<I>override_redirect</I> field for the event.
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Valid for <B>Map</B>, <B>Reparent</B>, and <B>Configure</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%o</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M22"><B>-place</B><I> where</I></A><DD>
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<I>Where</I> specifies the <I>place</I> field for the event; it must be
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either <B>PlaceOnTop</B> or <B>PlaceOnBottom</B>.
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Valid for <B>Circulate</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%p</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M23"><B>-root</B><I> window</I></A><DD>
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<I>Window</I> must be either a window path name or an integer window
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identifier; it specifies the <I>root</I> field for the event.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, and <B>Motion</B>
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events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%R</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M24"><B>-rootx</B><I> coord</I></A><DD>
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<I>Coord</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies the <I>x_root</I>
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field for the event.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, and <B>Motion</B>
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events. Corresponds to the <B>%X</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M25"><B>-rooty</B><I> coord</I></A><DD>
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<I>Coord</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies th <I>y_root</I>
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field for the event.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, and <B>Motion</B>
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events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%Y</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M26"><B>-sendevent</B><I> boolean</I></A><DD>
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<B>Boolean</B> must be a boolean value; it specifies the <I>send_event</I>
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field for the event. Valid for all events. Corresponds to the
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<B>%E</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M27"><B>-serial</B><I> number</I></A><DD>
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<I>Number</I> must be an integer; it specifies the <I>serial</I> field
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for the event. Valid for all events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%#</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M28"><B>-state</B><I> state</I></A><DD>
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<I>State</I> specifies the <I>state</I> field for the event.
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For <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, and <B>Motion</B> events
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it must be an integer value.
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For <B>Visibility</B> events it must be one of <B>VisibilityUnobscured</B>,
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<B>VisibilityPartiallyObscured</B>, or <B>VisibilityFullyObscured</B>.
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This option overrides any modifiers such as <B>Meta</B> or <B>Control</B>
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specified in the base <I>event</I>.
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Corresponds to the <B>%s</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M29"><B>-subwindow</B><I> window</I></A><DD>
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<I>Window</I> specifies the <I>subwindow</I> field for the event, either
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as a path name for a Tk widget or as an integer window identifier.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, and <B>Motion</B> events.
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Similar to <B>%S</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M30"><B>-time</B><I> integer</I></A><DD>
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<I>Integer</I> must be an integer value; it specifies the <I>time</I> field
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for the event.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>, <B>Motion</B>,
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and <B>Property</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%t</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M31"><B>-warp</B><I> boolean</I></A><DD>
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<I>boolean</I> must be a boolean value; it specifies whether
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the screen pointer should be warped as well.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, and <B>Motion</B> events. The pointer will
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only warp to a window if it is mapped.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M32"><B>-width</B><I> size</I></A><DD>
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<I>Size</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies the <I>width</I> field
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for the event.
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Valid for <B>Configure</B> events.
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Corresponds to the <B>%w</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M33"><B>-when</B><I> when</I></A><DD>
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<I>When</I> determines when the event will be processed; it must have one
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of the following values:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M34"><B>now</B></A><DD>
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Process the event immediately, before the command returns.
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This also happens if the <B>-when</B> option is omitted.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M35"><B>tail</B></A><DD>
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Place the event on Tcl's event queue behind any events already
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queued for this application.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M36"><B>head</B></A><DD>
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Place the event at the front of Tcl's event queue, so that it
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will be handled before any other events already queued.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M37"><B>mark</B></A><DD>
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Place the event at the front of Tcl's event queue but behind any
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other events already queued with <B>-when mark</B>.
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This option is useful when generating a series of events that should
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be processed in order but at the front of the queue.
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<P></DL>
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<P><DT><A NAME="M38"><B>-x</B><I> coord</I></A><DD>
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<I>Coord</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies the <I>x</I> field
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for the event.
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Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
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<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Motion</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>,
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<B>Expose</B>, <B>Configure</B>, <B>Gravity</B>, and <B>Reparent</B>
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events.
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Corresponds to the the <B>%x</B> substitution for binding scripts.
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If <I>Window</I> is empty the coordinate is relative to the
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screen, and this option corresponds to the <B>%X</B> substitution
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for binding scripts.
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<P><DT><A NAME="M39"><B>-y</B><I> coord</I></A><DD>
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<I>Coord</I> must be a screen distance; it specifies the <I>y</I>
|
|
field for the event.
|
|
Valid for <B>KeyPress</B>, <B>KeyRelease</B>, <B>ButtonPress</B>,
|
|
<B>ButtonRelease</B>, <B>Motion</B>, <B>Enter</B>, <B>Leave</B>,
|
|
<B>Expose</B>, <B>Configure</B>, <B>Gravity</B>, and <B>Reparent</B>
|
|
events.
|
|
Corresponds to the the <B>%y</B> substitution for binding scripts.
|
|
If <I>Window</I> is empty the coordinate is relative to the
|
|
screen, and this option corresponds to the <B>%Y</B> substitution
|
|
for binding scripts.
|
|
<P></DL>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Any options that are not specified when generating an event are filled
|
|
with the value 0, except for <I>serial</I>, which is filled with the
|
|
next X event serial number.
|
|
|
|
<H3><A NAME="M40">VIRTUAL EVENT EXAMPLES</A></H3>
|
|
In order for a virtual event binding to trigger, two things must
|
|
happen. First, the virtual event must be defined with the
|
|
<B>event add</B> command. Second, a binding must be created for
|
|
the virtual event with the <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B> command.
|
|
Consider the following virtual event definitions:
|
|
<PRE>event add <<Paste>> <Control-y>
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|
event add <<Paste>> <Button-2>
|
|
event add <<Save>> <Control-X><Control-S>
|
|
event add <<Save>> <Shift-F12></PRE>
|
|
In the <B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B> command, a virtual event can be bound like any other
|
|
builtin event type as follows:
|
|
<PRE>bind Entry <<Paste>> {%W insert [selection get]}</PRE>
|
|
The double angle brackets are used to specify that a virtual event is being
|
|
bound. If the user types Control-y or presses button 2, or if
|
|
a <B><<Paste>></B> virtual event is synthesized with <B>event generate</B>,
|
|
then the <B><<Paste>></B> binding will be invoked.
|
|
<P>
|
|
If a virtual binding has the exact same sequence as a separate
|
|
physical binding, then the physical binding will take precedence.
|
|
Consider the following example:
|
|
<PRE>event add <<Paste>> <Control-y> <Meta-Control-y>
|
|
bind Entry <Control-y> {puts Control-y}
|
|
bind Entry <<Paste>> {puts Paste}</PRE>
|
|
When the user types Control-y the <B><Control-y></B> binding
|
|
will be invoked, because a physical event is considered
|
|
more specific than a virtual event, all other things being equal.
|
|
However, when the user types Meta-Control-y the
|
|
<B><<Paste>></B> binding will be invoked, because the
|
|
<B>Meta</B> modifier in the physical pattern associated with the
|
|
virtual binding is more specific than the <B><Control-y</B>> sequence for
|
|
the physical event.
|
|
<P>
|
|
Bindings on a virtual event may be created before the virtual event exists.
|
|
Indeed, the virtual event never actually needs to be defined, for instance,
|
|
on platforms where the specific virtual event would meaningless or
|
|
ungeneratable.
|
|
<P>
|
|
When a definition of a virtual event changes at run time, all windows
|
|
will respond immediately to the new definition.
|
|
Starting from the preceding example, if the following code is executed:
|
|
<PRE>bind <Entry> <Control-y> {}
|
|
event add <<Paste>> <Key-F6></PRE>
|
|
the behavior will change such in two ways. First, the shadowed
|
|
<B><<Paste>></B> binding will emerge.
|
|
Typing Control-y will no longer invoke the <B><Control-y></B> binding,
|
|
but instead invoke the virtual event <B><<Paste>></B>. Second,
|
|
pressing the F6 key will now also invoke the <B><<Paste>></B> binding.
|
|
|
|
<H3><A NAME="M41">SEE ALSO</A></H3>
|
|
<B><A HREF="../TclCmd/bind.htm">bind</A></B>
|
|
<H3><A NAME="M42">KEYWORDS</A></H3>
|
|
<A href="../Keywords/E.htm#event">event</A>, <A href="../Keywords/B.htm#binding">binding</A>, <A href="../Keywords/D.htm#define">define</A>, <A href="../Keywords/H.htm#handle">handle</A>, <A href="../Keywords/V.htm#virtual event">virtual event</A>
|
|
<HR><PRE>
|
|
<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
|
|
<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1998-2000 Ajuba Solutions.
|
|
<A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.</PRE>
|
|
</BODY></HTML>
|